面向天文观测等领域对高功率单频589 nm钠导星激光器的应用需求，通过金刚石拉曼谐振及腔内倍频技术结合1 018 nm掺镱光纤激光技术，实现了最高功率16.5 W的连续波单频589 nm钠导星激光器研制。建立外腔拉曼振荡及腔内倍频理论，详细分析谐振腔输出耦合率和倍频晶体相位匹配条件对输出激光功率的影响。激光光谱宽度为16 MHz，光束质量因子为1.05，光光转化效率为20%。

The phase summation effect in sum-frequency mixing process is utilized to avoid a nonlinearity obstacle in the power scaling of single-frequency visible or ultraviolet lasers. Two single-frequency fundamental lasers are spectrally broadened by phase modulation to suppress stimulated Brillouin scattering in fiber amplifier and achieve higher power. After sum-frequency mixing in a nonlinear optical crystal, the upconverted laser returns to single frequency due to phase summation, when the phase modulations on two fundamental lasers have a similar amplitude but opposite sign. The method was experimentally proved in a Raman fiber amplifier-based laser system, which generated a power-scalable sideband-free single-frequency 590 nm laser. The proposal manifests the importance of phase operation in wave-mixing processes for precision laser technology.

High-power continuous-wave single-frequency Er-doped fiber amplifiers at 1560 nm by in-band and core pumping of a 1480 nm Raman fiber laser are investigated in detail. Both co- and counter-pumping configurations are studied experimentally. Up to 59.1 W output and 90% efficiency were obtained in the fundamental mode and linear polarization in the co-pumped case, while less power and efficiency were achieved in the counter-pumped setup for additional loss. The amplifier performs indistinguishably in terms of laser linewidth and relative intensity noise in the frequency range up to 10 MHz for both configurations. However, the spectral pedestal is raised in co-pumping, caused by cross-phase modulation between the pump and signal laser, which is observed and analyzed for the first time. Nevertheless, the spectral pedestal is 34.9 dB below the peak, which has a negligible effect for most applications.

近年来，在相干探测、激光雷达、激光冷却以及引力波探测等领域应用需求的驱动下，窄线宽、低噪声的高功率单频掺铒光纤激光技术成为国内外光纤激光技术领域的研究热点。简要介绍了近些年高功率单频掺铒光纤激光技术的研究进展，包括单频掺铒光纤激光器和高功率单频掺铒光纤放大器，分析了高功率单频掺铒光纤激光的发展趋势和面临的挑战，并对下一步的发展方向进行了展望。

A high power continuous-wave single-frequency green fiber laser by second-harmonic generation of a Yb-doped fiber amplifier (YDFA) is developed. A linearly polarized single-mode fiber amplifier produces a 60 W infrared laser at 1064 nm with a 103 W incident diode pump laser at 976 nm, corresponding to an optical conversion efficiency of 58%. An external bow-tie enhancement cavity incorporating a noncritically phase-matched lithium triborate crystal is employed for second-harmonic generation. A 33.2 W laser at 532 nm is obtained with a 45 W incident 1064 nm fundamental laser, corresponding to a conversion efficiency of 74%.